UN body passes resolution – as it happened

12.45am GMT Closing summary It’s 7.45pm in New York and with the UN security council vote finished, we’re going to wrap up our live coverage. Here’s a snapshot of what happened, and you can read our full report here. Thanks for reading. The UN security council has voted in favour of a US-drafted resolution bolstering Donald Trump’s Gaza peace plan that includes the deployment of an international force and a possible path to a future Palestinian state. There were 13 votes in favour of the text, with only Russia and China abstaining and no vetoes. Trump later hailed the vote on social media as “one of the biggest approvals in the history of the United Nations” and said it “will lead to further peace all over the world”. The US envoy to the UN, Mike Waltz, said after the vote that “today’s resolution represents another significant step that will enable Gaza to prosper and an environment that will allow Israel to live in security”. But Hamas said the resolution did not meet Palestinians’ “political and humanitarian demands and rights”. The militant group is excluded by the resolution from any governance role in Gaza. The text “endorses” the US president’s peace plan, which authorises the creation of an international stabilisation force (ISF) that would work with Israel and Egypt and newly trained Palestinian police to help secure border areas and demilitarise the Gaza Strip. The text was revised several times as a result of high-stakes negotiations. It also authorises the formation of a “board of peace”, a transitional governing body for Gaza to be chaired by Trump and with a mandate running until the end of 2027. The resolution sets out a possible path to a sovereign Palestinian state. But Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu has repeated his government’s staunch opposition to the state’s creation, raising questions about whether Israel will allow the UN-mandated proposals to be implemented.With agencies Updated at 12.51am GMT 12.19am GMT The inclusion of references to an independent Palestine in the US-drafted resolution was the price Washington paid for backing from the Arab and Islamic world, who are expected to provide peacekeepers for the international stabilisation force (ISF). As Julian Borger and Patrick Wintour also detail in a full report, Donald Trump’s proposals for a lasting peace in Gaza – just endorsed by UN security council – include setting up an ISF as well as a possible path to a sovereign Palestinian state. The resolution was passed by a vote of 13-0 with abstentions by China and Russia. It charted “a new course in the Middle East for Israelis and Palestinians and all the people of the region alike”, the US envoy to the UN, Mike Waltz, told the council chamber. But on the eve of the UN vote, Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu restated his government’s adamant opposition to the creation of a Palestinian state, raising questions on whether Israel will allow the implementation of the UN-mandated proposals. The full report is here: Related: UN security council votes to endorse Donald Trump’s Gaza plan Updated at 12.27am GMT 12.01am GMT The “board of peace” that Donald Trump just commented is to be a transitional governing body for Gaza with a mandate running until the end of 2027. Under the resolution passed by the UN security council, the devastated territory is to reconstructed and placed under the authority of a technocratic Palestinian administration answering ultimately to the board, which Trump is to chair. However, as Patrick Wintour and Jason Burke have reported, it appears the US held out against a Saudi call for the stabilisation force to be answerable to the UN, as opposed to a Trump-chaired “board of peace”, as outlined under his 20-point peace plan for Gaza. Saudi sources said it was remarkable that Trump was backing a motion to the UN endorsing the concept of a Palestinian state. The Trump administration has largely ignored the UN or used its veto throughout the Gaza conflict. Updated at 12.07am GMT 11.36pm GMT Trump hails 'historic' UN vote Donald Trump has just called the UN vote “a moment of true historic proportion” and said it “will lead to further peace all over the world”. The US president posted on his Truth Social platform: Congratulations to the World on the incredible Vote of the United Nations Security Council, just moments ago, acknowledging and endorsing the BOARD OF PEACE, which will be chaired by me, and include the most powerful and respected Leaders throughout the World. This will go down as one of the biggest approvals in the History of the United Nations, will lead to further Peace all over the World, and is a moment of true Historic proportion! Trump also said that the “members of the board, and many more exciting announcements, will be made in the coming weeks”. Updated at 11.46pm GMT 11.20pm GMT The resolution passed by the UN security council does mention a possible future Palestinian state, using convoluted language. Once the Palestinian Authority has carried out requested reforms and the rebuilding of Gaza is under way, “the conditions may finally be in place for a credible pathway to Palestinian self-determination and statehood”, the US-drafted text says. That eventuality, however, has been firmly rejected by Israel. Prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu said on Sunday that he would fight any attempt to establish a Palestinian state and that Israel’s opposition to it had “not changed one bit”. The Israeli ambassador to the UN, Danny Danon, said before the vote that the resolution would “make sure that Hamas will not pose a threat against Israel any more”. Updated at 11.30pm GMT 10.42pm GMT Hamas rejects UN plan for international forces in Gaza Hamas has rejected the UN security council passing the US-drafted resolution endorsing an International Stabilisation Force in Gaza, saying it fails to meet Palestinians’ rights and demands, favours the Israeli occupation, and seeks to impose an international trusteeship on the enclave that Palestinians and resistance factions oppose. “The resolution imposes an international guardianship mechanism on the Gaza Strip, which our people and their factions reject,” the group said in a lengthy post on Telegram. It goes on: Assigning the international force with tasks and roles inside the Gaza Strip, including disarming the resistance, strips it of its neutrality, and turns it into a party to the conflict in favour of the occupation. Any international force, if established, must be deployed only at the borders to separate forces, monitor the ceasefire, and must be fully under UN supervision. Earlier on Monday, a Hamas spokesperson indicated to Al Jazeera that the group would reject foreign control of the Gaza Strip. 10.26pm GMT After the vote, Mike Waltz thanked the council for “joining us in charting a new course for Israelis, Palestinians and all the people in the region alike”. 10.10pm GMT Thirteen nations voted in favour, none voted against, and two countries abstained. The abstentions were Russia and China. Updated at 10.27pm GMT 10.09pm GMT UN security council passes US-drafted resolution authorising an international stabilisation force in Gaza The UN security council has voted to pass the US-drafted resolution regarding the mandate for an International Stabilisation Force in Gaza, one of the key points in Trump’s Gaza plan. Updated at 10.14pm GMT 10.00pm GMT UN security council meeting under way The UN security council meeting is under way now. Mike Waltz, the US ambassador, describes Gaza as “hell on earth” after two years of war, and holds up a copy of the resolution, describing it as “a lifeline”. The International Stabilisation Force, he says, would be “tasked with securing the area, supporting the demilitarisation of Gaza, dismantling the terrorist infrastructure, removing weapons, and ensuring the safety of Palestinian civilians”. He asks, if the Arab and Muslim-majority nations accept this resolution, “how could anyone be against it?” I ask everyone today: are you more righteous in this cause than those who must live with it, and who ultimately will benefit from this plan for peace. Updated at 11.04pm GMT 9.51pm GMT US planning on dividing Gaza into 'green zone' and 'red zone' The US is planning for the long-term division of Gaza into a “green zone” under Israeli and international military control, where reconstruction would start, and a “red zone” to be left in ruins. Foreign forces will initially deploy alongside Israeli soldiers in the east of Gaza, leaving the devastated strip divided by the current Israeli-controlled “yellow line”, according to US military planning documents seen by the Guardian and sources briefed on American plans. Interactive The US military plans raise serious questions about Washington’s commitment to turning the ceasefire announced last month into an enduring political settlement with Palestinian rule across Gaza, which was promised by Donald Trump. Plans for Gaza’s future have been shifting at a dizzying rate, reflecting a chaotic, improvised approach to resolving one of the world’s most complex and intractable conflicts and providing aid including food and shelter to 2 million Palestinians. Related: US military planning for divided Gaza with ‘green zone’ secured by international and Israeli troops 9.35pm GMT Israeli rightwing ministers rally against prospect of Palestinian statehood Patrick Wintour and Jason Burke in Jerusalem Saudi sources said it was remarkable that Donald Trump was backing a motion to the UN endorsing the concept of a Palestinian state. The Trump administration has largely ignored the UN or used its veto throughout the Gaza conflict. Israel’s prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, faced with a backlash from within his own government over the clause, said at his weekly cabinet meeting on Sunday that he did not need encouragement from anyone to express his opposition to a Palestinian state but that the clause was necessary since “no country was eager to join the multinational force in the Gaza Strip”. On Saturday, the far-right ministers Itamar Ben-Gvir and Bezalel Smotrich had called on Netanyahu to denounce the idea of a Palestinian state. Smotrich said the prime minister had “chosen silence and diplomatic disgrace” while Ben-Gvir threatened to leave his coalition. Though both ministers were primarily rallying their own supporters before a looming election, a far-right walkout could bring down Netanyahu’s rightwing government well before the country goes to the polls, which must be by October 2026. The Israeli defence minister, Israel Katz, and the foreign minister, Gideon Saar, also posted statements on X denouncing a Palestinian state on Sunday, without mentioning Netanyahu. “Israel will not agree to the establishment of a Palestinian terror state in the heart of the Land of Israel,” Saar wrote. Netanyahu has long opposed a Palestinian state, saying in recent months that its creation would reward Hamas and endanger Israel’s security. Speaking to his cabinet, Netanyahu said on Sunday that Israel’s opposition to a Palestinian state had “not changed one bit”. Pressure for progress towards Palestinian statehood increased during Israel’s war in Gaza. In September, the UK, Australia and Canada formally recognised a Palestinian state in Gaza and the occupied West Bank, where settler violence against Palestinians has surged and Israeli politicians have raised threats of annexation. Updated at 10.03pm GMT 9.23pm GMT UN vote critical to legitimising International Force Now that the first phase of Trump’s plan – the return of hostages and exchange of prisoners – has been completed, this UN vote is crucial to the implementation of phase two. The resolution is “critical” to this phase is because it “gives legitimacy and a mandate” for the deployment of the International Stabilisation Force (ISF), says Urban Coningham, an analyst with the London-based Royal United Services Institute defence and security think tank. This gives the ISF legal precedent as well as a sense of security for countries that contribute to the ISF and to humanitarian assistance. He says the resolution also sets out activities for the ISF such as working on demilitarising the Gaza Strip, although what kind of demilitarisation is not mentioned and “defining it remains a significant obstacle to be navigated”. Without the ISF, it is very difficult for aid to be delivered and distributed in the strip, as well as for reconstruction efforts by the Board of Peace to begin. So this is a necessary first step before that can begin. Updated at 9.24pm GMT 9.23pm GMT Arab and Muslim-majority countries supporting ISF vote As mentioned earlier, the US has received strong backing and input from Arab states for this UN resolution and also Trump’s wider plan. A joint statement of support for the ISF proposal was issued by nine countries including Qatar, Egypt, Pakistan, Jordan, Turkey, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia. These states will be crucial in forming the main contingents of the ISF, training a new Palestinian police force and providing funding for the strip. Their involvement likely explains the substantial US policy shift in mentioning a future Palestinian state, “as Arab rulers argue they cannot contribute to the ISF or rebuilding without some form of positive political horizon to aim for”, says analyst Urba Coningham from RUSI thinktank. However there is still unease about the Trump plan remains among Muslim countries. UAE and Jordan have both said they cannot supply troops while Israel has vetoed Turkey joining the force on the basis that Turkey is too close ideologically to Hamas. 9.23pm GMT What is this proposed International Stabilisation Force (ISF)? This idea of an international force stabilising Gaza comes from Trump’s 20-point plan. The new force, the UN resolution draft says, would receive a two-year mandate under the resolution and help secure border areas, protect civilians, secure humanitarian aid corridors and work on the “permanent decommissioning of weapons from non-state armed groups”. Trump wants Arab or Muslim forces to supply troops for the force, which means its mandate and the prospect of a Palestinian state must be acceptable to Arab states. Saudi sources said it was remarkable that Trump was backing a motion to the UN endorsing the concept of a Palestinian state. The Trump administration has largely ignored the UN or used its veto throughout the Gaza conflict. Trump’s wider plan also calls for the disarmament of Hamas and demilitarisation of Gaza, as well as the reconstruction of the devastated territory and its placing under the authority of a technocratic Palestinian administration answering ultimately to a “Board of Peace” to be chaired by the US president. 9.23pm GMT US lobbied hard for resolution support The US had campaigned hard to get most members of the council on board with its resolution. Its delegation has made it known that the resolution has the backing of several Arab and Muslim-majority nations. “Any refusal to back this resolution is a vote either for the continued reign of Hamas terrorists or for the return to war with Israel, condemning the region and its people to perpetual conflict,” the US ambassador to the United Nations, Mike Waltz wrote in The Washington Post on Friday. Updated at 9.24pm GMT 9.23pm GMT Current UN security council members The five permanent members of the UN security council with veto power are: US, UK, France, China, Russia. The other members of the council for 2025 are: Algeria, Denmark, Greece, Guyana, Pakistan, Panama, Korea, Sierra Leone, Slovenia and Somalia. Each member of the council has one vote. A draft resolution needs at least nine “yes” votes, including the concurring votes of all five permanent members. Updated at 9.25pm GMT 9.21pm GMT Russia and China had competing draft focusing more on Palestinian statehood Veto-wielding Russia and China had also circulated a competing draft, saying the US document did not go far enough towards backing Palestinian statehood. The competing text, as seen by some outlets, called on the Security Council to express “unwavering commitment to the vision of the two-state solution.” It did not lend calls of support for a governing Board of Peace or for the deployment of an international force- instead calling for “options” on those issues. The Russian-Chinese rival text is probably closer to the true views of the Arab states on a two-state solution, but the Gulf countries know they have to work with the US text since Trump’s endorsement is necessary in order for Israel to accept the stabilisation force. 9.19pm GMT What does the resolution say? The US-led resolution “endorses” Donald Trump’s plan for Gaza, the first phase of which secured the fragile ceasefire between Israel and Hamas in October. In addressing the second phase, the resolution: Authorises the creation of an International Stabilisation Force that would work to secure border areas, protect civilians, facilitate humanitarian assistance, support the training and deployment of a reconstituted Palestinian police force, and de-militarise the Strip (this includes overseeing the permanent de-commissioning of weapons held by Hamas and other armed groups in Gaza) Indicates that Israeli forces fully withdraw once the force has established security and operational control across the territory Approves the creation of a “Board of Peace” - the transitional governing body for Gaza, to be chaired by Trump, which will have an initial mandate to do so for the next two years – to coordinate security, humanitarian and reconstruction planning. This would guide Gaza towards a reformed Palestinian governing authority Mentions a possible future Palestinian state - a last-minute addition following pressure from Arab states. The resolution outlines a pathway towards Palestinian self-determination and eventual statehood, linked to accountable governance and reconstruction milestones. Israel, of course, continues to firmly reject the notion of a Palestinian state 9.01pm GMT UN security council to vote on Gaza international force plan in resolution that also references Palestinian state The UN security council will shortly vote on a resolution that would authorise an international stabilisation force to the Gaza Strip, as per the next phase of Donald Trump’s 20-point Gaza plan. And in an eleventh-hour addition following pressure from Arab states, the US-drafted resolution now also includes a tentative reference to a future Palestinian state. The resolution’s wording was drafted several times after rounds of negotiations, and is now supported by key Arab and Muslim-majority countries. But Russia, which has passed around its own resolution, and China, may abstain from the vote. Updated at 9.10pm GMT